Kafukufuku ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kulongedza kwa ma valve okwera kwambiri

Kufufuza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kulongedza kwa valve yotentha Kutentha kwa valve ndi 425 ~ 550 ℃ pa kutentha kwakukulu ⅰ kalasi (yotchedwa PI grade). Nkhani yaikulu ya PI kalasi valavu ndi "mkulu kutentha kalasi Ⅰ sing'anga mpweya chromium faifi tambala osowa dziko titaniyamu khalidwe kutentha zosagwira zitsulo" mu ASTMA351 muyezo CF8 monga maziko. Popeza kalasi ya PI ndi nthawi yeniyeni, lingaliro la zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri (P) la kutentha kwapamwamba likuphatikizidwa pano. Choncho, ngati sing'anga ntchito ndi madzi kapena nthunzi, ngakhale zilipo mkulu kutentha zitsulo WC6 (t≤540 ℃) kapena WC9 (t≤570 ℃), mu mafuta sulfure, ngakhale zilipo mkulu kutentha zitsulo C5(ZG1Cr5Mo), koma pano sangatchulidwe kuti kalasi ya PI. Kafukufuku ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ma valve onyamula kutentha kwambiri ndi chinthu chodziwika bwino pamakina amakono. Monga gawo lofunikira pamayendedwe opatsira madzimadzi, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu boiler, mapaipi a nthunzi, kuyengetsa mafuta, makampani opanga mankhwala, moto ndi zitsulo, chifukwa cha kudulidwa kwake, kuwongolera, kuwongolera kukakamiza, kutsekereza ndi ntchito zina. Makampani amakono ayika patsogolo zofunikira zapamwamba komanso zapamwamba za kudalirika kwa chisindikizo cha valve. Kusindikiza ndi chizindikiro chofunikira chaukadaulo powunika mtundu wa zinthu za valve. Vavu yotentha kwambiri imatanthawuza valavu yomwe kutentha kwake kumakhala kopitilira 250 ℃. Tekinoloje yosindikizira ya tsinde la valavu yotentha kwambiri yakhala vuto lodziwika bwino lomwe silinathetsedwe kwa zaka zambiri, komanso ndi imodzi mwamalumikizidwe ofooka kuti apititse patsogolo kudalirika kwa valavu. Common kutentha valavu tsinde kunyamula chisindikizo zambiri alipo osakwanira kapena mopambanitsa chisindikizo, valavu tsinde m'kupita kwa nthawi zosavuta kutayikira, kutayikira kwa choyaka, kuphulika, chakupha ndi zinthu zina zoopsa osati zomera shutdown ndi kutayika chuma, komanso kuchititsa kuipitsa chilengedwe, ndipo ngakhale ngozi zangozi za ogwira ntchito, kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizocho kumakhala ndi zoopsa zambiri. Choyamba, mfundo yosindikiza chisindikizo cha valve Ntchito yosindikiza ya valve ndi ndondomeko yofunikira kuti muwone ubwino ndi ntchito ya valve. Tsopano ma valve ambiri olamulira kapena tsinde lonse la valve ndi chisindikizo chosindikizira kuti agwirizane ndi chisindikizo, chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake osavuta, kusonkhana kosavuta ndi kusinthidwa, mtengo wotsika ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Tsinde la valve ndi kutayikira kwapakira ndi chinthu chodziwika bwino. Chifukwa chomwe kulongedza kumatha kukhala ndi gawo losindikiza, mfundo yake tsopano pali malingaliro awiri akulu osindikizira, motsatana akugwira ntchito ndi maze effect. Kunyamula katundu kumatanthawuza kulongedza pakati pa filler ndi tsinde, kufinya kunyamula komanso kutengera mafuta akunja, chifukwa cha kupsinjika komwe kumakhudzana ndi tsinde kuti apange wosanjikiza wa nembanemba yamadzi, kupanga kulongedza ndi tsinde mawonekedwe ofanana ndi kutsetsereka, mgwirizano pakati pa kulongedza koteroko ndi tsinde sipadzakhala chifukwa cha kukangana kwakukulu ndi kuvala, chifukwa filimu yamadzimadzi imakhalapo nthawi imodzi, kulongedza ndi tsinde la valve mu chikhalidwe chosindikizidwa. Labyrinth wazolongedza tingati amatanthauza yosalala digiri ya tsinde sangathe kufika yaying'ono mlingo, kulongedza ndi tsinde valavu ndi gawo limodzi olowa ndi sali bwino mokwanira, kulongedza katundu ndipo nthawi zonse pali kusiyana kochepa kwambiri pakati pa tsinde valavu, ndi chifukwa. wa incision asymmetry pakati pa kulongedza katundu, mipata imeneyi inapanga maze ndi pamodzi, sing'anga, mmene angapo throttling, potsika pansi, ndi kufika ntchito yosindikiza. Mphamvu ya labyrinth imatanthawuza kuti ma valve tsinde onyamula chisindikizo pamwamba pa digiri ya msinkhu sangathe kufika pamlingo waung'ono, kusiyana kochepa pakati pa tsinde ndi kunyamula uku ndiko kukhalapo kwa cholinga, sikungathe kuthetsa, ngati kuchokera kumbali iyi kuti apitirize kulongedza, nthawi zambiri zotsatira zake siziri. zabwino kwambiri, zomwe zikuyambitsa mikhalidwe yoyambira kutayikira kwa danga kapena kutha kwa mphamvu. Kusindikiza zofalitsa kudzera mu kulongedza ndi tsinde kutayikira makina ali ndi mitundu yambiri: corrosion gap leakage mechanism, porous leakage mechanism, mphamvu yotulutsa mphamvu, ndi zina zotero. njira zowonongeka, ndipo ndondomeko yowonjezera yowonjezera imayikidwa patsogolo. Awiri, panopa wamba wazolongedza mtundu ndi ntchito 1, teflon poto muzu Polytetrafluoroethylene poto muzu amapangidwa koyera POLYTETRAFluOROethylene DISPERsing utomoni monga zopangira, choyamba zopangidwa zopangira filimu, ndiyeno kupyolera kupotoza, kuluka mu amphamvu poto muzu. Mtundu uwu wa disk root popanda zowonjezera zina, ukhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu chakudya, mankhwala, mapepala opanga mapepala ndi zofunikira zina zaukhondo, ndikukhala ndi mphamvu zowonongeka pa valve, mpope. Kuchuluka kwa ntchito: Gwiritsani ntchito kutentha osapitirira 260 ℃, gwiritsani ntchito mphamvu zosapitirira 20MPa, pH mtengo: 0-14. 2, kukodzedwa graphite chimbale muzu Kuwonjezedwa graphite chimbale mizu amadziwikanso kuti kusinthasintha graphite chimbale mizu ntchito kusintha graphite waya nsalu pamtima. Mizu yowonjezereka ya graphite disc ili ndi ubwino wodzipangira bwino komanso kutenthetsa matenthedwe, kugwedezeka kwazing'ono, kusinthasintha kwamphamvu, kufewa kwabwino, mphamvu zambiri, ndi chitetezo pa shaft ndi ndodo. Kuchuluka kwa ntchito: Gwiritsani ntchito kutentha osapitirira 600 ℃, gwiritsani ntchito mphamvu yosapitirira 20MPa, pH mtengo: 0-14. 3. Muzu wa koyilo wa graphite wowongoleredwa Wokometsedwa wa graphite wolukidwa ndi ulusi wamagalasi, waya wamkuwa, waya wachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, waya wa faifi tambala, waya wa caustic faifi tambala aloyi ndi zinthu zina zolimbikitsidwa ndi waya wowonjezedwa wa graphite. Ndi makhalidwe a graphite kukodzedwa, ndi kusinthasintha amphamvu, kufewa zabwino, mkulu mphamvu. Kuphatikizidwa ndi mizu yoluka kwambiri, ndi imodzi mwazinthu zosindikizira zogwira mtima kuti zithetse vuto la kutentha kwambiri komanso kusindikiza kwamphamvu. Kuchuluka kwa ntchito: Kutentha kwa ntchito osapitirira 550 ℃, kuthamanga kwa ntchito osapitirira 32MPa, pH mtengo: 0-14. Mizu ya disc ndi mtundu wowonjezera wa mizu yokulirapo ya graphite disc, yomwe ndi chinthu chabwino kwambiri chosindikizira. Pamwambapa amatchula mitundu ingapo wamba atanyamula chimbale mizu. Mu ndondomeko yeniyeni kupanga, padzakhala mitundu ina kulongedza chimbale muzu anayamba kwa zinthu zapadera ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, zabwino mankhwala kukana aramid CHIKWANGWANI koyilo muzu; Yoyenera kusinthasintha kozungulira kwamtundu wa arylon kaboni fiber wosanganiza coil muzu, ndi zina zotero, pepalali lili ndi danga, osati mawu oyamba. Katatu, kamangidwe kamene kamanyamula ma valve ndi kusankha Mapangidwe osindikizira a tsinde amapangidwa makamaka ndi mbale yokakamiza, gland, spacer ndi kulongedza. Kuti mukwaniritse bwino kusindikiza, kulongedzako kumafunika kukhala ndi mawonekedwe wandiweyani, kukhazikika kwamankhwala abwino, kutsika kwamphamvu kwamphamvu. Nthawi zambiri, kutentha ndi otsika kuposa 200 ℃, filler nthawi zambiri amasankhidwa polytetrafluoron chimbale muzu, amene ali ndi makhalidwe a kondomu mkulu, sanali mamasukidwe akayendedwe, kusungunula magetsi ndi kukana kukalamba wabwino, ndipo ntchito mafuta, mankhwala, mankhwala ndi zina. minda. Mizu ya graphite disc imasankhidwa chifukwa cha kukana kwake kutentha kwapamwamba, kudzipaka mafuta komanso kutsika kwapakati pa kutentha kwapakati pa 200 mpaka 450. Chimbale cha graphite chapangidwa molingana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito magulu osiyanasiyana, pogwiritsira ntchito, zodzaza zimatha kusankhidwa molingana ndi zenizeni zogwirira ntchito za mtundu woyenera wa graphite chimbale, monga 250 ℃, zinthu otsika kuthamanga akhoza kusankha kukodzedwa graphite chimbale, sing'anga ndi mkulu kuthamanga akhoza kusankha kumatheka graphite chimbale kapena osakaniza onse. Chachinayi, kutentha kwa valve kulongedza kapangidwe ka kutayikira Pansi pa kutentha kwakukulu, monga kusankha kwa graphite disc root root seal, n'zosavuta kuwoneka ngati kutayikira. Zifukwa zake ndi izi: Mizu ya graphite disc imayikidwa mu bokosi lonyamula katundu, ndipo kupanikizika kwa axial pa kunyamula kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pomangirira bolt pazitsulo zonyamula. Chifukwa kulongedzako kumakhala ndi pulasitiki, kuthamanga kwa axial pambuyo pa kuthamanga kwa radial ndi mapindikidwe ang'onoang'ono, dzenje lamkati ndi tsinde zimakhala zogwirizana kwambiri, koma kukwanira kumeneku sikuli yunifolomu mmwamba ndi pansi. Malingana ndi kugawidwa kwa kukakamiza kunyamula ndi kunyamula mphamvu yosindikizira, zikhoza kuwoneka kuti kupanikizika kwa kumtunda kwapamwamba ndi kutsika kwapansi mu bokosi lonyamula katundu sikuli yunifolomu. Kusintha kwa pulasitiki kwa magawo awiri a kulongedza sikugwirizana mwachindunji, ndipo n'zosavuta kukhala ndi kusindikiza kwakukulu kapena kosakwanira pakati pa kulongedza ndi tsinde la valve. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kukangana pakati pa kulongedza ndi tsinde la valve kudzakhala kochuluka pamene mphamvu yoponderezedwa ya radial pafupi ndi gland imakhala yochuluka, ndipo tsinde la valve ndi kulongedza ndizosavuta kuvala pano. Pankhani ya kutentha kwakukulu, kutentha kwapamwamba, kukulirakulira kwa mizu ya graphite chimbale, kukangana kumawonjezekanso, kutentha kwa kutentha komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kutentha sikuyenera nthawi yake, kufulumizitsa kuvala kwa tsinde ndi kulongedza, komwe kulinso kwakukulu. chifukwa cha kutentha kwa valavu kunyamula kutayikira. Zisanu, kutentha kwa ma valve kulongedza kapangidwe kake kamangidwe ka Valve kunyamula pansi pa kutentha kwambiri kumakhala kosavuta kutayikira, ndipo kulongedza kutentha kwakukulu nthawi zambiri kumachokera ku chimbale cha graphite. The kudzikonda lubricity ndi kutupa kwa kukodzedwa graphite kulongedza katundu ndi zabwino, ndi rebound koyefishienti ndi mkulu, koma kuipa ndi wosalimba, osauka kukameta ubweya kukana, makamaka anaika pakati pa bokosi kulongedza katundu, kuteteza kukula kwa graphite kulongedza katundu ndi chithokomiro. ndi pansi kuthamanga PAD extrusion kuwonongeka; Mizu yowonjezeredwa ya graphite disc imatha kukhazikitsidwa pamwamba ndi pansi chifukwa imakhala ndi waya wa nickel ndipo ndi yamphamvu komanso yosagwirizana ndi extrusion. Ngakhale kuphatikiza kukodzedwa graphite ndi kumatheka graphite chimbale amathetsa mbali ya kutayikira wazolongedza pa kutentha. Koma chifukwa valavu kanthu ndi zambiri ntchito zinthu, graphite chimbale muzu kuvala mlingo ndi mkulu, ntchito kwa nthawi pambuyo kufunika kumangitsa mabawuti pa stuffing bokosi, chifukwa Buku ndi kuyendera wabweretsa vuto lalikulu. Kutengera malingaliro avuto lomwe lili pamwambapa, tidaphatikiza mabuku kunyumba ndi kunja komanso zomwe takumana nazo m'zaka zaposachedwa kuti tikhale ndi dongosolo lodzaza ma valve, makamaka pazikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana zogwirira ntchito, kutentha kwakukulu ndi kutsika kwapansi ndi kutentha kwakukulu ndi kuthamanga kwakukulu, chitukuko cha chandamale osiyana mkulu kutentha kulongedza katundu, kuthetsa valavu pansi pa chikhalidwe cha kutentha kutayikira mosavuta. Kutentha kwakukulu ndi mtundu wocheperako, pogwiritsa ntchito mphete yapadera yolipirira masika ndi kuphatikiza mizu ya graphite chimbale. Kupanikizika kogwira ntchito sikuli kokwera, kotero kunyamula manja kumachotsedwa. Chapadera kubweza mphete masika anawonjezera pansi pa stuffing bokosi. Mukayika, ma bolts amafunikira kumangirizidwa ndi preload inayake. Ngakhale kulongedza kwa ma graphite ndi tsinde kumawoneka ngati kuphwanyidwa, kasupe wa mphete amatha kupanga kusintha kofananirako kuti atsimikizire kutayikira kwa valavu. Lembani kutentha kwambiri ndi kuthamanga kwambiri, izi ndi mtundu wa dongosolo zonyamula katundu, utenga chimbale kasupe ndi kuponyedwa kasupe kunja wawiri chipukuta misozi dongosolo, angapewe mwayi kutentha kutentha zimitsani masika, mtundu uwu wa chikhalidwe, makamaka kutentha, kuthamanga kwambiri. kulephera kwa chipukuta misozi m'dera lina, gulu lina la chipukuta misozi likadali lothandiza, zonse zosasokoneza, malipiro amodzi koma panthawi imodzimodziyo ponyamula ntchito. The chimbale kasupe chisindikizo komanso facilitates ntchito m'mikhalidwe yovuta panja, ndi kapangidwe kunja kwa mfundo ziwiri zolipirira facilitates m'malo popanda kuchotsa lonse stuffing bokosi, kuwongolera dzuwa ndi chomasuka ntchito. Pambuyo pakutsata kwanthawi yayitali kwa ogwiritsa ntchito, mtundu uwu wa kulongedza kapangidwe ka kutentha kwambiri, kutsekereza tsinde lamphamvu kuti tipewe kutayikira kumawonekera, moyo wautali wautumiki.